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This is a list of cancer types, ordered alphabetically. Cancer is a group of diseases that involve abnormal increases in the number of cells, with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer )〕 Not all tumors or lumps are cancerous; benign tumors are not classified as being cancer because they do not spread to other parts of the body.〔 There are over 100 different known cancers that affect humans.〔 Cancers are often described by the body part that they originated in. However, some body parts contain multiple types of tissue, so for greater precision, cancers are additionally classified by the type of cell that the tumor cells originated from. These types include: * ''Carcinoma'': Cancers derived from epithelial cells. This group includes many of the most common cancers, particularly in older adults. Nearly all cancers developing in the breast, prostate, lung, pancreas, and colon are carcinomas. * ''Sarcoma'': Cancers arising from connective tissue (i.e. bone, cartilage, fat, nerve), each of which develop from cells originating in mesenchymal cells outside the bone marrow. * ''Lymphoma'' and ''leukemia'': These two classes of cancer arise from cells that make blood. Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children accounting for about 30%. However, far more adults develop lymphoma and leukemia. * ''Germ cell tumor'': Cancers derived from pluripotent cells, most often presenting in the testicle or the ovary (seminoma and dysgerminoma, respectively). * ''Blastoma'': Cancers derived from immature "precursor" cells or embryonic tissue. Blastomas are more common in children than in older adults. Cancers are usually named using ''-carcinoma'', ''-sarcoma'' or ''-blastoma'' as a suffix, with the Latin or Greek word for the organ or tissue of origin as the root. For example, cancers of the liver parenchyma arising from malignant epithelial cells is called ''hepatocarcinoma'', while a malignancy arising from primitive liver precursor cells is called a hepatoblastoma, and a cancer arising from fat cells is called a ''liposarcoma''. For some common cancers, the English organ name is used. For example, the most common type of breast cancer is called ''ductal carcinoma of the breast''. Here, the adjective ''ductal'' refers to the appearance of the cancer under the microscope, which suggests that it has originated in the milk ducts. Benign tumors (which are not cancers) are usually named using ''-oma'' as a suffix with the organ name as the root. For example, a benign tumor of smooth muscle cells is called a ''leiomyoma'' (the common name of this frequently occurring benign tumor in the uterus is ''fibroid''). Confusingly, some types of cancer use the ''-noma'' suffix, examples including melanoma and seminoma. Some types of cancer are named for the size and shape of the cells under a microscope, such as giant cell carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and small-cell carcinoma. ==A== * Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) * Acute myeloid leukemia * Adrenocortical carcinoma * AIDS-related cancers * AIDS-related lymphoma * Anal cancer * Appendix cancer * Astrocytoma, childhood cerebellar or cerebral 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of cancer types」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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